Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen (JKI)

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Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zum Apfelschorf (Venturia inaequalis) und die biologische Validierung einer neuen Regensensorik zur Prognose
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for drought tolerance and leaf senescence in juvenile barley
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Biological control of bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum: Insights into the ecology of antagonists and their complex interaction with the pathogen and the host plant rhizosphere microbiome
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Vergiftungen von Honigbienen (Apis mellifera L.) durch insektizidhaltigen Staubabrieb beim Anbau von Raps und Mais
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Identizierung des für verschiedene Fruchtester hauptverantwortlichen Lipoxygenasegens des Apfels
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Molekulare Untersuchung von Resistenzen gegen den Falschen Mehltau der Weinrebe (Plasmopara viticola)
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Morphologische und molekulare Charakterisierung des Pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides an Gaultheria mit dem Ziel der Erschließung von Resistenzquellen
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Folgenabschätzung für die Landwirtschaft zum teilweisen oder vollständigen Verzicht auf die Anwendung von glyphosathaltigen Herbiziden in Deutschland
19,95 € In den Warenkorb
SPO11 dependent initiation of meiotic double strand breaks in Arabidopsis thaliana
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Kartierung und züchterische Nutzung neuer Resistenzquellen gegen die pilzlichen Schaderreger Pyrenophora teres f. teres und Puccinia hordei der Gerste (Hordeum vulgare)
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
Hochauflösende Kartierung der Virusresistenzgene rym11 und Ryd3 in Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.)
12,95 € In den Warenkorb
$The objective of the study was to achieve a phytosanitary effect on fruiting bodies of V. inaequalis in apple leaf litter by application of nutrient media, potential antagonists and/or fungicidal plant extracts (saponins). The effects of leaf litter treatments on the remaining ascospore potential were assessed in course of the primary season of the pathogen. The principles and mode of action of the applied substances were evaluated by microbiological and biochemical analyses. As an alternative method for the isolation of saponins from plant materials an extraction with chloroform and methanol was developed. The saponin extracts were cleaned with SPE cartridges and for the first time with Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography. Nearly all ineffective substances could be removed from the extracts. The detection of membranolytic/hemolytic fractions was performed with an agar diffusion assay amended with sheep erythrocytes. Hemolytic fractions were further characterized by HPLC analyses. In vitro all plant extracts showed a fungicidal effect on conidia germination and mycelia growth of V. inaequalis. In seedling assays, a preventative treatment with soap nut and chestnut extract (1%) reduced apple scab symptoms nearly completely. A treatment 6 h after inoculation with conidia reduced scab symptoms by more than 70%. Pathogen sporulation on infected leaves was reduced by 98-100% in comparison to control groups. Ascospore potential could be reduced by leaf litter treatments by up to 90%. The application of in vitro identified antagonists on apple scab litter showed no effect on ascospore amount. Leaf litter treatments with nutrient media in autumn/winter revealed a reduction in the ascospore potential of more than 97% in four following apple scab seasons. The effect did not depend on geographical location of the orchard site. The best results could be achieved with a concentrated LEIBER yeast extract, which reduced the ascospore amount nearly completely. The microbiological analyses of leaf litter showed an increase of the number of organisms, including potential antagonists, from 10 up to 1.000 times. The microbiological activity (biological oxygen demand) was up to three times higher and leaf decay was enhanced compared to untreated litter. Bacterial and fungal leaf colonizers were isolated and identified with MALDI-TOF or sequencing of ITS rDNA. Pseudomonas proved to be the dominant bacterial species in apple leaf litter and contributed 37 to 45% of bacterial isolates. In vitro an inhibition of mycelia growth of V. inaequalis from 48 to 69% was observed. Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aureobasidium pullulans and Epicoccum nigrum reduced mycelial growth by up to 57%. Each one of these species represented more than 10% of the fungal isolates. In the majority of samples the microbial composition was changed mainly quantitatively and a shift within the dominant species was not detectable. Peptides ? 3 kDa and amino acids could be identified as the effective constituents of the media. Leaf litter treatments with nutrient media could be established as a new phytosanitary strategy in organic fruit production and contribute to a replacement of coppere1fungicides.$
Erforschung und Entwicklung alternativer Mittelzubereitungen für die Apfelschorfbekämpfung im Falllaub
12,95 € In den Warenkorb

Asiatische Hornisse in der Region Bonn und Rhein-Sieg aufgetaucht

Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen (JKI)

Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zum Apfelschorf (Venturia inaequalis) und die biologische Validierung einer neuen Regensensorik zur Prognose

Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for drought tolerance and leaf senescence in juvenile barley

Biological control of bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum: Insights into the ecology of antagonists and their complex interaction with the pathogen and the host plant rhizosphere microbiome

Vergiftungen von Honigbienen (Apis mellifera L.) durch insektizidhaltigen Staubabrieb beim Anbau von Raps und Mais

Identizierung des für verschiedene Fruchtester hauptverantwortlichen Lipoxygenasegens des Apfels

Molekulare Untersuchung von Resistenzen gegen den Falschen Mehltau der Weinrebe (Plasmopara viticola)

Morphologische und molekulare Charakterisierung des Pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides an Gaultheria mit dem Ziel der Erschließung von Resistenzquellen

Folgenabschätzung für die Landwirtschaft zum teilweisen oder vollständigen Verzicht auf die Anwendung von glyphosathaltigen Herbiziden in Deutschland

SPO11 dependent initiation of meiotic double strand breaks in Arabidopsis thaliana

Kartierung und züchterische Nutzung neuer Resistenzquellen gegen die pilzlichen Schaderreger Pyrenophora teres f. teres und Puccinia hordei der Gerste (Hordeum vulgare)

Hochauflösende Kartierung der Virusresistenzgene rym11 und Ryd3 in Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Erforschung und Entwicklung alternativer Mittelzubereitungen für die Apfelschorfbekämpfung im Falllaub

Querdenker, Wespen und aculeate Hymenopteren

Dachdecker trifft Baumhummel – was tun?

Filialisierung bei Hornissen

Wildbienen, Bienenhotels und Kindergärten – Gehören Wildbienen zu Deutschland?

Ein Hornissennest in einem Rollladenkasten

Hilfe, eine riesige Hornisse baut bei mir